Japan’s greatest film actor was 21 before he set foot in the country that would make him an international star. Toshiro Mifune was born in Manchuria, of Japanese parents, and his first job was helping in the studio of his photographer father.
It was as a photographer, and a Japanese citizen, that he was drafted into the Imperial Japanese Air Force during World War II, serving under the Imperial flag until 1946.
Suddenly Mifune was cast adrift in a country he barely knew. Fluent in both Mandarin and Japanese, he opted to stay in Japan because his parents were dead and he had nowhere else to go. Once again, it was photography that proved the key to the future.
Mifune started work as an assistant cameraman for Toho Productions in 1947, but the striking looking man wouldn’t go unnoticed for long. At an audition for new talent, Toho Productions discovered that its assistant cameraman was even more effective through the lens - and it brought together for the first time Mifune and the man with whom he would have one of the most productive partnerships in the history of film.
Present at that audition was film maker Akira Kurosawa, who watched Mifune act the part of a drunk with growing excitement. “The speed of his movements was such that he said in a single action what took ordinary actors three separate movements to express,” Kurosawa said later.
Even so, Mifune’s first film was not directed by Kurosawa, although the script was written by him. Ginrei No Hate (known in English as Snow Trail) was directed by Senkichi Taniguchi, who saw in the fiery young actor exactly the qualities needed for role of the paranoid bank robber Eijima.
A year later he began his collaboration with Kurosawa with the film Yoidore Tenshi (Drunken Angel), playing the gangster Matsunaga.
Once Mifune’s stunning presence was established on screen, Japanese film goers couldn’t get enough of him. But it was their fifth film together that awoke international attention. Rashomon
took the basic story of a woman raped by a bandit and told it from four different points of view, including the woman’s dead husband. It was one of the most honored foreign films of 1950, winning awards in Britain, Venice and the US. The American Academy of Arts and Sciences created a special category of Best Foreign Film to award it an Oscar.
With Kurosawa’s premier story telling abilities, and Mifune’s ability to create complex, mesmerising screen roles, the pair continued to create stunning cinema until 1965, when they fell out over the filming of Red Beard
. The rift kept them apart for 30 years and ended a legendary collaboration.
But Mifune was well established as one of the world’s great actors by this time. He had played a Mexican Indian in Ismael Rodriguez’ Animas Trujano, studying the part phonetically so he could speak his lines in perfect Spanish.
In 1966 he took on his first English speaking film, Grand Prix, playing a Japanese business man, and the owner of a Formula 1 racing team.
Two years later he appeared in Hell in the Pacific
, playing a marooned Japanese officer to Lee Marvin’s shot down US pilot.
Between these films he starred in five movies and a TV mini series in Japan.
His next international role was as the Japanese Ambassador to Britain with English actor David Niven. Paper Tiger was something of a pot boiler, and Mifune quickly got back into warrior mode with the TV series Ken to Kaze to Komoriuta (The Sword, the Wind, and the Lullaby).
He followed that with the role of Admiral Yamamoto in Midway
, a US WWII epic bristling with stars, including Charlton Heston and Henry Fonda. Heston later wrote that if English were Mifune’s first language, he would put them all out of work.
But even while acknowledging his powerful screen presence, Hollywood never really came to grips with Mifune - he continued working in Japan, making occasional forays into Hollywood, such as the 1980 mini series Shogun in which he played Lord Yoshi Toranaga opposite Richard Chamberlain’s Major John Blackthorne. The series was hugely successful in the west, but a walk in the park for Mifune, who had already played this role many times over.
His best English film role was in Red Sun
with Charles Bronson, when western film goers finally got to see the many layered performance skills of the Japanese star. In his scene with a young Mexican bar girl, Mifune’s humanity shone through. It remains a well deserved favorite with his fans.
Mifune made his last film, Fukai Kawa (Deep River), in 1995. But he was already in poor health, under the care of his wife Sachiko. He had married her in 1950, overcoming the opposition of her parents. The couple had two sons, Shiro and Takeshi. Mifune’s affair with another woman produced a daughter Miko, but Sachiko returned to care for him after he suffered a stroke in 1992.
Her death in 1995 saw Mifune’s physical and mental health fall into a deep decline. he died on December 24, 1997 at the age of 77. He was briefly reconciled with Kurosawa before his death but the two men never regained their old camaraderie.
But his legend lives on, and his children Shiro and Miko continue the acting tradition in Japan.